Efficiency of exogenous zinc sulfate application reduced fruit drop and improved antioxidant activity of 'Kinnow' mandarin fruit / A eficiência da aplicação de sulfato de zinco exógeno reduziu a queda da fruta e melhorou a atividade antioxidante da tangerina 'Kinnow'

'Kinnow' mandarin (Citrus nobilis L.× Citrus deliciosa T.) is an important marketable fruit of the world. It is mainstay of citrus industry in Pakistan, having great export potential. But out of total production of the country only 10% of the produce meets the international quality standard for export. Pre-harvest fruit drop and poor fruit quality could be associated with various issues including the plant nutrition. Most of the farmers do not pay attention to the supply of micro nutrients which are already deficient in the soil. Furthermore, their mobility within plants is also a question. Zinc (Zn) is amongst those micronutrients which affect the quality and postharvest life of the fruit and its deficiency in Pakistani soils is already reported by many researchers. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the influence of pre-harvest applications of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4; 0, 0.4%, 0.6% or 0.8%) on pre-harvest fruit drop, yield and fruit quality of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin at harvest. The treatments were applied during the month of October i.e. 4 months prior to harvest. The applied Zn sprays had significant effect on yield and quality of the "Kinnow" fruit. Amongst different foliar applications of ZnSO4applied four months before harvest, 0.6% ZnSO4 significantly reduced pre-harvest fruit drop (10.08%) as compared to untreated control trees (46.45%). Similarly, the maximum number of fruits harvested per tree (627), fruit weight (192.9 g), juice percentage (42.2%), total soluble solids (9.5 °Brix), ascorbic acid content (35.5 mg 100 g-¹) and sugar contents (17.4) were also found significantly higher with 0.6% ZnSO4 treatment as compared to rest of treatments and control. Foliar application of 0.6% ZnSO4 also significantly improved total antioxidants (TAO) and total phenolic contents (TPC) in fruit. In conclusion, foliar [...].

A tangerina 'Kinnow' (Citrus nobilis L. × Citrus deliciosa T.) é uma importante fruta comercializável do mundo. É o esteio da indústria cítrica no Paquistão, com grande potencial de exportação. Mas, da produção total do país, apenas 10% da produção atendem o padrão internacional de qualidade para exportação. A queda da fruta antes da colheita e a baixa qualidade da fruta podem estar associadas a vários problemas, incluindo a nutrição da planta. A maioria dos agricultores não se preocupa com o fornecimento de micronutrientes que já são deficientes no solo. Além disso, sua mobilidade dentro das plantas também é uma questão. O zinco (Zn) está entre os micronutrientes que afetam a qualidade e a vida pós-colheita da fruta, e sua deficiência em solos paquistaneses já é relatada por diversos pesquisadores. Portanto, este estudo foi realizado para avaliar a influência da aplicação pré-colheita de sulfato de zinco (ZnSO4; 0, 0,4%, 0,6% ou 0,8%) na queda dos frutos na pré-colheita, produtividade e qualidade dos frutos da tangerina 'Kinnow' em colheita. Os tratamentos foram aplicados durante o mês de outubro, ou seja, 4 meses antes da colheita. As pulverizações de Zn aplicadas tiveram efeito significativo no rendimento e na qualidade da fruta 'Kinnow'. Entre as diferentes aplicações foliares de ZnSO4 efetuadas quatro meses antes da colheita, 0,6% de ZnSO4 reduziu significativamente a queda de frutos antes da colheita (10,08%) em comparação com as árvores de controle não tratadas (46,45%). Da mesma forma, número máximo de frutos colhidos por árvore (627), peso do fruto (192,9 g), porcentagem de suco (42,2%), sólidos solúveis totais (9,5 ° Brix), teor de ácido ascórbico (35,5 mg / 100 g-¹) e os teores de açúcar (17,4) também foram significativamente maiores com o tratamento com 0,6% de ZnSO4 em comparação com o restante dos tratamentos e o controle. A aplicação foliar de 0,6% de ZnSO4 também melhorou significativamente os [...].

Efficiency of exogenous zinc sulfate application reduced fruit drop and improved antioxidant activity of Kinnow mandarin fruit

Abstract Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis L.× Citrus deliciosa T.) is an important marketable fruit of the world. It is mainstay of citrus industry in Pakistan, having great export potential. But out of total production of the country only 10% of the produce meets the international quality standard for export. Pre-harvest fruit drop and poor fruit quality could be associated with various issues including the plant nutrition. Most of the farmers do not pay attention to the supply of micro nutrients which are already deficient in the soil. Furthermore, their mobility within plants is also a question. Zinc (Zn) is amongst those micronutrients which affect the quality and postharvest life of the fruit and its deficiency in Pakistani soils is already reported by many researchers. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the influence of pre-harvest applications of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4; 0, 0.4%, 0.6% or 0.8%) on pre-harvest fruit drop, yield and fruit quality of Kinnow mandarin at harvest. The treatments were applied during the month of October i.e. 4 months prior to harvest. The applied Zn sprays had significant effect on yield and quality of the Kinnow fruit. Amongst different foliar applications of ZnSO4applied four months before harvest, 0.6% ZnSO4 significantly reduced pre-harvest fruit drop (10.08%) as compared to untreated control trees (46.45%). Similarly, the maximum number of fruits harvested per tree (627), fruit weight (192.9 g), juice percentage (42.2%), total soluble solids (9.5 °Brix), ascorbic acid content (35.5 mg 100 g-1) and sugar contents (17.4) were also found significantly higher with 0.6% ZnSO4 treatment as compared to rest of treatments and control. Foliar application of 0.6% ZnSO4 also significantly improved total antioxidants (TAO) and total phenolic contents (TPC) in fruit. In conclusion, foliar spray of ZnSO4 (0.6%) four months prior to harvest reduced pre-harvest fruit drop, increase yield with improved quality of Kinnow mandarin fruit.

Resumo A tangerina Kinnow (Citrus nobilis L. × Citrus deliciosa T.) é uma importante fruta comercializável do mundo. É o esteio da indústria cítrica no Paquistão, com grande potencial de exportação. Mas, da produção total do país, apenas 10% da produção atendem o padrão internacional de qualidade para exportação. A queda da fruta antes da colheita e a baixa qualidade da fruta podem estar associadas a vários problemas, incluindo a nutrição da planta. A maioria dos agricultores não se preocupa com o fornecimento de micronutrientes que já são deficientes no solo. Além disso, sua mobilidade dentro das plantas também é uma questão. O zinco (Zn) está entre os micronutrientes que afetam a qualidade e a vida pós-colheita da fruta, e sua deficiência em solos paquistaneses já é relatada por diversos pesquisadores. Portanto, este estudo foi realizado para avaliar a influência da aplicação pré-colheita de sulfato de zinco (ZnSO4; 0, 0,4%, 0,6% ou 0,8%) na queda dos frutos na pré-colheita, produtividade e qualidade dos frutos da tangerina Kinnow em colheita. Os tratamentos foram aplicados durante o mês de outubro, ou seja, 4 meses antes da colheita. As pulverizações de Zn aplicadas tiveram efeito significativo no rendimento e na qualidade da fruta Kinnow. Entre as diferentes aplicações foliares de ZnSO4 efetuadas quatro meses antes da colheita, 0,6% de ZnSO4 reduziu significativamente a queda de frutos antes da colheita (10,08%) em comparação com as árvores de controle não tratadas (46,45%). Da mesma forma, número máximo de frutos colhidos por árvore (627), peso do fruto (192,9 g), porcentagem de suco (42,2%), sólidos solúveis totais (9,5 ° Brix), teor de ácido ascórbico (35,5 mg / 100 g-1) e os teores de açúcar (17,4) também foram significativamente maiores com o tratamento com 0,6% de ZnSO4 em comparação com o restante dos tratamentos e o controle. A aplicação foliar de 0,6% de ZnSO4 também melhorou significativamente os antioxidantes totais (TAO) e os teores fenólicos totais (TPC) nas frutas. Em conclusão, a pulverização foliar de ZnSO4 (0,6%) quatro meses antes da colheita reduziu a queda de frutos antes da colheita e aumentou o rendimento com a melhoria da qualidade da fruta tangerina Kinnow.

A double-blind, randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of intralesional 2% zinc sulfate in the treatment of verruca vulgaris in a tertiary hospital

Background@#Verruca vulgaris ranked 10th in the top 10 diseases in 2019 seen among the Philippine Dermatological Society training institutions. The efficacy of immunotherapy, such as intralesional zinc sulfate (ZS), for warts were reported. Considering the limited studies with promising results on verruca, a study on the efficacy and safety of intralesional zinc in the treatment of verruca was considered.@*Objective@#This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of intralesional 2% ZS in comparison to intralesional purified protein derivative (PPD) among adult patients with verruca vulgaris.@*Methods@#This is a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial involving 44 patients allocated to group ZS (n=22) and PPD (n=22). Intralesional injections of ZS or PPD to the largest wart were done at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Clearance and size reduction of the target and distant wart at 12th week and recurrence at 14th week were assessed. Adverse effects were checked.@*Results@#At the 12th week of treatment, higher proportion in group ZS patients achieved total resolution of the target lesion compared to PPD, but results were not statistically significant (29% vs. 19%). Both groups showed decline in the target lesion size. The median size reduction between the two groups showed no significant differences. Three patients from group ZS showed clearance of distant warts while none in group PPD. There was no recurrence of all previously resolved warts. Adverse reactions were pain, edema, and erythema.@*Conclusion@#Intralesional 2% zinc sulfate (29%) was efficacious and safe compared to Intralesional PPD (19%) but the difference was not statistically significant. There was clearance of distant warts in 5% of group ZS patients. The mild adverse events did not warrant discontinuation of treatment.

Occurrence of infections in schoolchildren subsequent to supplementation with vitamin D-calcium or zinc: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D and zinc are recognized for their roles in immune-modulation, and their deficiencies are suggested to be important risk factors for childhood infections. This study, therefore, undertook to assess the occurrence of infections in rural Indian schoolchildren, subsequent to daily supplementation with vitamin D-calcium or zinc for 6 months.MATERIALS/METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in apparently healthy 6–12 year-old rural Indian children, recruited to 3 study arms: vitamin D arm (1,000 IU D3 - 500 mg calcium, n = 135), zinc arm (10 mg, n = 150) and placebo arm (n = 150). The infection status was assessed using a validated questionnaire, and the biochemical parameters of serum 25(OH)D and serum zinc were measured by ELISA and colorimetry, respectively. The primary outcome variable was occurrence of infections (upper respiratory and total infections).RESULTS: Serum 25(OH)D concentration in the vitamin D arm improved significantly by 34%, from 59.7 ± 10.9 nmol/L to 80 ± 23.3 nmol/L (P < 0.0001), but no improvement was observed for serum zinc concentration. While there was significant increase in the percentage of children reporting no or mild upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and total infections (TI) in all three groups, improvements in the supplemented groups were similar to the placebo group. However, the vitamin D arm reported lower URTI and TI status in the vitamin D sufficient versus insufficient children. Also, URTI and TI status were found to be significantly (P < 0.0001) lower in children with improved 25(OH)D versus unchanged 25(OH)D.CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D-calcium supplementation helped to improve the vitamin D status but exerts no effect on the occurrence of infections when compared to the placebo group. Improvement in the serum 25(OH)D concentrations and attainment of vitamin D sufficiency may exert a beneficial effect on the infection status and needs to be investigated further. To evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation, higher dosages need to be administered in future studies.

Effect of zinc on immune recovery in HIV patients. Medellín 2013. Randomized controlled trial / Efecto del zinc en la recuperación inmunológica de pacientes con VIH. Medellín 2013. Ensayo clínico controlado

Abstract Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection progressively destroys the immune system and increases the susceptibility to opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to assess the benefits and safety of zinc supplements at nutritional doses. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo control trial was performed in 40 adult patients that received either zinc sulfate or placebo daily during 12 weeks. The CD4 lymphocytes count was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. Furthermore, we evaluated different clinical and epidemiological variables. Results: After the intervention, an increase ≥ 20% in CD4 lymphocytes was compared between groups; better response was observed in patients who received zinc (90% vs. 25%, p = 0.00), RR = 3.6 (95% CI 1.66; 7.8, p = 0.000) and reduction of relative risk of 74% compared to placebo. Conclusion: This clinical trial shows that patients who receive zinc sulfate supplement could increase the CD4 lymphocyte counting.

Resumen Introducción: la infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana destruye progresivamente el sistema inmune, aumentando la susceptibilidad a infecciones oportunistas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los beneficios y la seguridad de los suplementos de zinc en dosis nutricionales en pacientes diagnosticados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Métodos: se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado, aleatorizado, doble ciego en 40 pacientes adultos a quienes se suministró diariamente sulfato de zinc o placebo por 12 semanas. Se evaluó el recuento de linfocitos CD4 al inicio y al final de la intervención; además se evaluaron variables clínicas y epidemiológicas. Resultados: Después de la intervención, se comparó entre los grupos un aumento ≥ 20% de los linfocitos CD4, observándose una mejor respuesta en los pacientes que recibieron zinc (90 % vs. 25 %, p = 0,00), RR = 3,6 (IC 95 % 1,66; 7,8, p = 0,000) y una reducción del riesgo relativo de 74 % en comparación con placebo. Conclusión: este estudio muestra que el sulfato de zinc puede mejorar los niveles de linfocitos CD4 en pacientes infectados con VIH.

Clinical Observation of Recurrent Oral Ulcer Treated with Modified Huanglian Qingxin Decoction / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Huanglian Qingxin Decoction for the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer. Methods Eighty recurrent oral ulcer patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group by random number table method,40 cases in each group. The treatment group was given oral use of modified Huanglian Qingxin Decoction, and the control group was treated with Zinc Sulfate Tablets and Compound Vitamin B Tablets. Four weeks constituted one course of treatment. The scores of oral symptoms and signs of the two groups were observed before and after treatment,and the short-term effect and long-term effect of the two groups were evaluated after treatment. Results (1)After treatment for 5 days,ulcer area,ulcer pain, congestion area,exudation area,and sleep of the treatment group were much relieved (P < 0.01), and ulcer area,congestion area,and exudation area of the control group were improved (P < 0.05). The treatment group had better effect on improving ulcer area, ulcer pain, congestion area, exudation area, and sleep than the control group (P < 0.01). (2)After treatment for 5 days, the total short-term effective rate of the treatment group was 95.0%,and that of the control group was 72.5%,the difference being significant (P < 0.05).(3) Within one year after the suspension of treatment, total intermission period for ulcer attack in the two groups was prolonged (P < 0.05), and the amount of ulcer foci were much reduced (P < 0.05), the effect of the treatment group being superior to that of the control group(P < 0.05).(4)Within one year after the suspension of treatment,the total long-term effective rate of the treatment group was 70.0%,and that of the control group was 45.0%,the difference being significant (P<0.05). (5)During the treatment,the results of blood and urine routine examination,hepatic and renal function,and electrocardiography showed no abnormal changes. Conclusion Modified Huanglian Qingxin Decoction has better clinical efficacy for the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer than western medicine by relieving clinical symptoms and signs, prolonging the intermission period for ulcer attack, and reducing the total amount of ulcer foci.

Effects of Zinc sulfate on preventing vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of Zinc sulfate on preventing human umbilical veins endothelial cells ( HUVECs) from oxidative stress. Methods:Hydrogen peroxide was used to stimulate HUVECs to build the oxidative stress model in vitro. HUVECs were divided into normal group, H2 O2 group, Zinc sulfate group and Zinc sulfate treated group. Method of nitrate reductase was used to detect the content of nitric oxide ( NO ) and ELISA was used to detect the content of endothelin ( ET ) in supernatant in different groups. The level of HO-1,SOD and CAT of HUVECs were measured by Western blot. Apoptosis of HUVECs was examined by TUNEL as well. Results: Zinc sulfate could enhance the content of NO and decrease the content of ET in the supernatant,which induced by hydrogen peroxide on HUVECs. Zinc sulfate could also increase the level of HO-1, SOD and CAT obviously and decrease the apoptosis cells significantly induced by H2 O2 . Conclusion: Zinc sulfate play an important role in resisting oxidative stress in HUVECs, and maybe prevent HUVECs from oxidative stress damage. Zinc sulfate is expected to be an effective medicine on improving endothelial cells anti-oxidative ability.

Role of Nrf2/ARE singling pathway in reduction of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by zinc sulfate preconditioning in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) singling pathway in reduction of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by zinc sulfate preconditioning in rats.Methods SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-280 g,aged 16-20 weeks,were used in this study.After the animals were anesthetized,their hearts were immediately removed and retrogradely perfused with an oxygenated K-H solution at 37 ℃ in a Langendorff apparatus.Forty isolated rat hearts were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 each):control group (group C),I/R group,zinc sulfate preconditioning group (group Zn) and zinc sulfate preconditioning plus Nrf2/ARE singling pathway blocker luteolin group (group Zn+Lut).After 20 min of equilibration,the hearts were continuously perfused for 100 min in group C,the hearts were perfused with 4 ℃ St.Thomas′ cardioplegic solution before ischemia and then subjected to 40 min global ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion to establish the model of I/R in group I/R,200 μmol/L zinc sulfate 1.5 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally,and 24 h later the model of I/R was established in group Zn,and in group Zn+Lut,the hearts were perfused for 3 min with K-H solution containing luteolin 50 μmol/L starting from the time point immediately before ischemia,and the other treatments were similar to those previously described in group Zn.Heart rate (HR),left ventricular end diabetic pressure (LVEDP),left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and the maximum rate of increase of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax) were recorded at the end of equilibration and reperfusion.Coronary effluent was collected at the end of reperfusion to measure the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA).The expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1),quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1),superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and Nrf2 in myocardial tissues was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,HR,+dp/dtmax and LVDP were significantly decreased,LVEDP was increased,and the levels of LDH and MDA in coronary effluent were increased at the end of reperfusion in I/R and Zn+Lut groups,and the expression of NQO1,HO-1,Nrf2 and SOD1 was up-regulated in I/R,Zn and Zn+Lut groups (P0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which zinc sulfate preconditioning reduces myocardial I/R injury is related to activation of Nrf2/ARE singling pathway in rats.

Effect of Mudan granule combined with zinc sulfate on ankle brachial index in diabetic foot dorsal artery sclerosis and its efficacy / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To explore the effect of Mudan granule combined with zinc sulfate on ankle brachial index in the treatment of diabetic foot dorsal artery sclerosis and its efficacy.Methods 66 cases of patients with diabetic foot dorsal artery sclerosis in this study were selected and divided into 2 group, 33 cases in each group.Control group received mecobalamin injection and zinc sulfate tablet and treatment group received Mudan granule on the basis of control gorup.7 days for a course of treatment and patients received continuous treatment of 4 courses.Clinical efficacy, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood rheology, blood flow dynamics of the dorsal artery of the foot, ankle brachial index, and adverse reactions were compared after the treatment.Results Compared with the control group after the treatment, the total effective rate of the treatment group was higher(P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the serum postprandial 2h blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower(P<0.05), and high density lipoprotein were higher(P <0.05), the levels of whole blood viscosity high, middle and low shear, plasma viscosity, hematokrit and fibrinogen were lower(P<0.05), the serum levels of appeal index were lower(P<0.05), the blood flow of the dorsal artery, the diameter of the blood vessels and the ankle brachial index were higher (P<0.05), the peak velocity of the dorsal foot artery was lower(P<0.05) .There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups.Conclusion Mudan granule combined with zinc sulfate tablet in the treatment of diabetic foot dorsal artery sclerosis was effective with high safety and it could improve ankle brachial index.

Zinc sulphate administered by transdermal iontophoresis improves breaking strength of surgical wounds in skin of alloxan-induced diabetic rats

PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of zinc sulphate administered by transdermal iontophoresis (TDI) on mechanical resistance of surgical wounds performed in the skin of diabetic rats. METHODS:One hundred and sixty male Wistar rats weighing approximately 250g were submitted to an incision surgery at the anterior region of abdomen and randomly distributed into four experimental groups with 40 non-diabetic control animals (G1) and 40 untreated diabetic animals (G2), both without any treatment of incisions; 40 non-diabetic animals (G3) and 40 untreated diabetic animals (G4), both with incisions treated with zinc sulphate, administered for a period of four consecutive days after surgery, in sessions of ten minutes duration, using a continuous-current electrostimulator (Zn + TDI). Each experimental group was further divided into four subgroups with ten rats each to be evaluated on the 4th, 7th, 14th, and 21st day after surgery. In each period were analyzed clinical and laboratory from the animals, and measured the breaking strength and hydroxyproline content (OH-P) of the skin scars. RESULTS: Breaking strength (BS) was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in skin scars of untreated diabetic rats (G2) on the 7th, 14th, and 21st postoperative days when compared to non-diabetic control rats (G1). In contrast, BS in skin scars of non-diabetic and untreated diabetic rats (G3, G4) treated with Zn + TDI showed significant increase (p<0.05) in those periods when compared with their respective controls with untreated incisions. The OH-P content of the scars did not show statistically significant variation in all studied groups at four different times evaluated after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Zinc sulphate administered by transdermal iontophoresis had beneficial effect on the mechanical resistance of scars produced in the skin of diabetic rats. This therapeutic may have potential to reduce the complications observed in surgical wounds of the skin in diabetic subjects, mainly in most vulnerable stages of incisions to dehiscences, leakages and infections.

Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity of Zinc in Albino Rats.

Mechanism of action of both magnesium and zinc in mediating their antidepressant activities is supposed to be through NMDA receptor antagonism. In the background of similarity in mechanism of action of zinc and magnesium as antidepressant through antagonism of NMDA receptors and evidences for anticonvulsant actions of magnesium being mediated through NMDA receptors blockade; present study was designed to test whether zinc has an additional anticonvulsant activity. Thirty six albino rats of either sex were divided in to 6 groups with 6 animals in each group. Group-I received distilled water (1ml/kg body weight) was control group. Group-II receiving phenytoin sodium (20mg/kg body weight) was the standard group. Group-III, IV and V were test groups receiving zinc sulfate at doses of 30mg/kg, 150mg/kg and 300mg/kg respectively. Animals were screened for anticonvulsant activity by Maximum Electroshock (MES) method and for generalized CNS depressant effect by photo-actometer method. With regard to anticonvulsant activity there was no statistically significant differences between any of the zinc sulfate treated groups with control and standard drug phenytoin. There was no evidence for possible anticonvulsant activity of zinc after single dose treatment at three selected doses in presence of generalized CNS depressant effect.

Clinical study of combined prednisone with minoxidil in treatment of the androgenetic alopecia / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of prednisone and zinc preparation combined with 2％ minoxidil in the androgenetic alopecia. Methods Ninety-eight patients with the androgenetic alopecia were randomly divided into two groups, each group was 49 patients. The treatment group received prednisone and zinc preparation oral solution combined with 2％ minoxidil, the control group received only prednisone and zinc preparation oral solution. The each course of treatment was 3 months, the effect was observed after 1-4 courses of treatment. Results The curative rate of the treatment group and control group were 10.2％( 5/49 ) ,36.7％ (18/49) and 6.1％ (3/49) ,22.4％ (11/49) respectively in 3 and 6 months after treatment, there were no significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ). The curative rate of the treatment group and control group were 77.6％ (38/49), 91.8％ (45/49) and 42.9％ (21/49 ), 59.2％(29/49) respectively in 9 and 12 months after treatment, there were significant difference between two groups (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion On treating the androgenetic alopecia, prednisone and zinc preparation combined with minoxidilis effective and safe.

Micropropagação de duas espécies frutíferas, em meio de cultura DSD1, modificado com fontes de boro e zinco / Micropropagation of two fruit tree species on dsd1 culture medium modified with boric acid and zinc sulfate

A micropropagação de frutíferas de clima temperado pode gerar plantas livres de vírus e num curto espaço de tempo. Objetivando-se aprimorar técnicas de propagação in vitro de amoreira-preta e videira, foram testadas diferentes concentrações de boro e zinco, adicionados ao meio de cultivo. O meio foi constituído de sais DSD1, acrescido de 30 g L-1 de sacarose e 7 g L-1 de ágar, e o pH ajustado para 6,4 antes da autoclavagem a 121ºC e 1 atm por 20 minutos. Os tratamentos consistiram de segmentos nodais de amoreira-preta cv. Tupy, do porta-enxerto de videira 'Kobber' e de concentrações de ácido bórico (0; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 mg L-1) e sulfato de zinco hidratado (0; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 mg L-1), em todas as combinações possíveis. Segmentos nodais de plantas preestabelecidas in vitro foram excisados e inoculados em tubo de ensaio, contendo 15 mL do meio de cultura. Posteriormente, os tubos de ensaio foram transferidos para sala de crescimento a 27 ± 1ºC, irradiância de 35 mmol.m-2.s-1 e fotoperíodo de 16 horas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualisado, utilizando-se 4 repetições com 12 explantes cada. Após 70 dias de cultivo in vitro verificou-se que, melhores resultados na micropropagação de amoreira-preta cv. Tupy (Rubus sp.) foram obtidos na ausência de ácido bórico e sulfato de zinco hidratado em meio de cultura DSD1. Com 4,0 mg L-1 de ácido bórico adicionado ao meio, verificou-se maior número de folhas e comprimento de raízes do porta-enxerto de videira 'Kobber' (Vitis sp.).

The micropropagation of temperate fruit trees may generate virus-free plants with the additional advantage of a shorter period of time compared to the traditional culture. Aiming to improve the in vitro propagation of blackberry and grapevine, different boron and zinc concentrations added to the culture medium were tested. The culture medium was constituted of DSD1 salts, added of 30 g L-1 sucrose and 7 g L-1 agar, and the pH adjusted to 6.4 before the sterilization at 121ºC and 1 atm per 20 minutes. The treatments consisted of blackberry plants cv. Tupy, the grapevine rootstock 'Kobber' and concentrations of boric acid (0; 1.0; 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1) and zinc sulfate (0; 1.0; 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1), mixed in all possible combinations. Nodal segments of in vitro cultivated plants were excised and inoculated in tubes with 15 mL culture medium. After that, the tubes were transferred to a growth room at 27 ± 1ºC, irradiance of 35 mol.m-2.s-1 and photoperiod of 16 hours. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, using four replications with 12 plants each. After 70 days of in vitro cultivation it was verified that the best results for the micropropagation of blackberry cv. Tupy (Rubus sp.) were obtained in the absence of boric acid and zinc sulfate mixed in the DSD1culture medium. With 4.0 mg L-1 boric acid added to the culture medium higher number of leaves and length of roots of the grapevine rootstock 'Kobber' (Vitis sp.) was observed.

Preparation and Quality Control of Compound Zinc Sulfate Oral Solution / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound zinc sulfate oral solution and establish its quality control method. METHODS: The oral solution was prepared with zinc sulfate and lysine hydrochloride as chief components. The content of lysine hydrochloride was determined by coordination titration and uv spectrophotometry, respectively, and the stability of the preparation was investigated. RESULTS: The oral solution was colorless or yellowish, with its identification and test results all in conformity with the related stipulation stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 edition). The average content of zinc sulfate labeled in the sample stood at 101%. The linear range of lysine hydrochloride was 3.2～9.6 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9) and its average recovery rate was 99.75%(RSD=0.27%, n=6). The preparation was stable within 6 months storing under room temperature. CONCLUSION: This preparative technology of compound zinc sulfate oral solution is simple and feasible, and the quality of which is stable and controllable.

EFFECT OF ZINC SULFATE AND ZINC METHIONINE ON GROWTH AND THEIR MECHANISM IN MICE / 营养学报

Objective: To investigate the effect of zinc sulfate and zinc methionine on growth and their possible regulating mechanism in mice. Method: Ninety male KM mice were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was fed on basal diet containing zinc of 11. 67 mg/kg 10d. The ZnSO4 group and Zn-Met group were fed on the diets supplemented with ZnSO4 or Zn-Met at 30 mg/kg(on the basis of Zn) for 10 d. Initial and final body weight,serum zinc concentration, growth hormone (GH),the levels of growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) mRNA were determined. Results: Both ZnSO4 and Zn-Met enhanced body weight and serum zinc concentration of mice,Zn-Met more effectively than ZnSO4 for body weight . Both forms of zinc had no effect on GH and the expression of GHR mRNA , but both up-regulated the expression of IGF-1 mRNA. As compared to ZnSO4, Zn-Met enhanced the level of IGF-1 mRNA significantly. Conclusion: Both ZnSO4 and Zn-Met had no effect on GH and the expression of GHR Mrna,but enhanced the expression of IGF-1 mRNA. Zn-Met enhanced the body weight gain and up-regulated IGF-1 mRNA expression more effectively than ZnSO4.

The Effect of Topical Steroid Nasal Instillation in Induced Anosmic Mice / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intranasal Mometasone furoate instillation into the nasal cavity of mice which had peripherally induced anosmia. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Three groups of mice were studied: normal control group (nasal instillation of normal saline, n=6), Mometasone furoate non-instillation group (no treatment after nasal instillation of zinc sulfate, n=12), and Mometasone furoate instillation group (daily mometasone furoate instillation after nasal instillation of zinc sulfate, n=12). Tissues of olfactory mucosa were obtained on 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after the instillation of zinc sulfate, and processed for immunohistochemistry using antisera to olfactory marker protein (OMP) for evaluation of olfactory regeneration. RESULTS: No OMP-positive cells were observed in the first week after the instillation of zinc sulfate in both groups. However, OMP-positive cells began appearing in the second week in both groups and gradually increased as time goes by. In the Mometasone furoate instillation group, the increase of OMP-positive cells was significantly greater than that of Mometasone furoate non-instillation group. CONCLUSION: Mometasone furoate instillation enhances regeneration of olfactory receptor cells after injury. Mometasone furoate instillation can be suggested as an effective treatment modality for olfactory dysfunction.

The role of zinc sulfate solution enema on trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid-induced colitis in rats / 中华消化杂志

Objective Zinc sulfate has anti inflammatory action in many animal models, however, the effects of zinc in colitis remained uncertain. The present study was to evaluate the role of zinc sulfate in experimental colitis and probe into its underlying mechanisms. Methods Colitis was induced by administrating 2,4,6 trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNB) rectally in Spragur Dawley female rats. Beginning at the first day of TNB colitis, the rats were treated with zinc sulfate enema once daily for 6 days. The rats were sacrificed at days 8. The effects of zinc sulfate were evaluated by examining mucosal lesion area, mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, mucosal prostaglandin E 2(PGE 2) and leukotriene B 4(LTB 4) levels. Results TNB induced severe colitis as evidenced by increased mucosal lesion area, mucosal MPO activity and PGE 2 and LTB 4 levels. Six days after the application of the zinc sulfate enema, the mucosal lesion area, MPO activity, PGE 2 and LTB 4 levels were all decreased significantly, except mucosal SOD activity that was remained unchanged after zinc treatments. Conclusions The data suggest that zinc sulfate enemas have an anti inflammatory action on experimental colitis through the mechanism other than increasing SOD activity.

A Case of Symptomatic Zinc Deficiency due to Total Parenteral Nutrition / 대한피부과학회지

Symptomatic Zinc Deficiency occurs due to decreased supplimentation, increased consumption, and decreased bowel absorption of the zinc. We report the typical case of symptomatic zinc deficiency in a patient who received total parenteral nutrition for about 4 weeks due to chronic diarrhea. And after supplementation with oral zinc sulfate, the diarrhea stopped in a day and skin lesions disappeared completely within a week.

Preliminary study on the induction of zinc to playmomas subcordiformis metallothionein-like / 中国海洋药物

When Playmonas cardiformis is exposed to different ZnSO4 concentration, its growth rate decreases gradually with the increase of ZnSO4 concentration which is more than 1 mmol?L~-1. More than 8 mmol?L~-1 ZnSO4 can lead to the death of playmonas subcordi- formis. But the production of MT-like increases with the increase of ZnSO4 concentration by AAS determination. The effect of indution is remarkable. The production of MT-like reaches 2. 1ing per gram wet weight when the concentration of ZnSO4 is 1 mmol?L~-1.

NEGATIVE INOTROPIC EFFECT OF ZINC SULFATE IN ISOLATED GUINEA PIGS ATRIA / 中国药理学通报

Zinc sulfate 0.1mmol/L inhibited the frequency dependent positive staircase phenomenon on isolated guinea pig atria. Ten min after adding zinc sulfate 0.1 mmol/L, the contractility of the left atrium decreased. The needed concentration of epinephrine inducing automaticity was increased and the functional refractory period(FRP) was prolonged from 192?5 ms to 247?4 ms ( P